| In this globalized age where innovation is critical to prosperity and growth, countries face tremendous pressure to support research. Not just any research but the kind that promises immediate applications and quick payoffs. At the same time, history has powerfully demonstrated that basic research is the pacemaker of technological progress. And history has likewise shown that innovation has been mostly derived from basic research. The search for knowledge, the innate desire to satisfy one’s curiosity, should be enough reason to support basic research. But when there are pressing matters that compete for finite resources, we have to explain why basic research is worth our human and capital investments. Many see basic research as unnecessary. We have needs in health, education, food, water, and housing, among others. And we must respond to these now. But our vision should extend beyond what needs to be done today. And this vision compels us to move towards directions such as the pursuit of basic research. New ideas In doing basic research, scientists are able to push the frontiers of knowledge. It is in these frontiers where new ideas come from – the kinds of ideas that give us answers on what to do with, say, water shortage, energy depletion, or chronic diseases. Computers, polio vaccine, penicillin, jet propulsion, and disease-resistant grains and vegetables – these are some of the thousands of scientific advances that have enhanced our well-being. Breathtaking advances may be just around the corner. Genetic research, for example, gives promise of better treatments for Alzheimer's, cancer, and other diseases. Lighter and stronger composite materials are being developed with applications in transportation, medicine, and the military. In the long term, basic research lays the foundation for much more imaginative, sustainable, and effective solutions to the problems we confront now and in the future. What needs to be done If we are to keep pace with the exponential progress in science and technology, we have to support the conditions that allow innovation to thrive. These are: a) incentives that would keep our scientists in this country; b) flexibility to pursue a research agenda; c) competition for research grants; d) networks of scientists; and e) inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional linkages. First, improve the salaries of frontline scientists. The climate for financing scientific research is stressful and distracting for scientists. At present, the DOST guidelines allow a principal investigator to receive a monthly salary of about P3,000. So we have scientists who, instead of spending their time making discoveries in the lab or mentoring younger scientists, spend their time in an office writing grant applications. This is not an effective use of their talent. Second, provide a physical anchor where scientists can seriously pursue research. They must have laboratories with equipment and supplies; and support facilities like animal centers that can provide mice or guinea pigs for experimentation. Our scientists do not have access to a DNA microarray. This tool allows the study of every gene, or thousands of genes, in an organism -- in one single experiment. Without access to this tool, our scientists are practically handicapped and would have a difficult time investigating genetic material. Flexibility Give our scientists the autonomy and flexibility to set and pursue their research agenda. The scientist is allowed, and even required, to select problems for investigation, without having to justify their relevance for the institution or looking for its immediate effect on the employer’s bottom line. The assumption that justifies such a policy is that "scientific progress on a broad front results from the free play of free intellects, working on subjects of their own choice, in the manner dictated by their curiosity." Competition and networks Let our scientists in the country compete with each other for grants on the basis of excellence. This peer-reviewed competition is extremely good intellectually. If our scientists compete actively with other scientists from peer institutions, they have to strive constantly towards excellence. Establish or strengthen mechanisms that allow scientists to exchange ideas. Our scientists should be able to participate in national and international scientific activities in their field of interest. Let our scientists engage in regional or international research projects that have to be executed partly in one of our institutions in this country. Inter-disciplinary and inter-institutional linkages Bridge the gap between disciplines, between academic institutions here and abroad, and between the academe and industry. Experiences of developed countries have shown that acceleration of innovation takes place when functional linkages are established between disciplines, universities, and industry. An example is the collaboration between Harvard, MIT, and the Whitehead Institute for Medical Research. This was set up in 2004 by the Broad Institute whose mission is to fulfill the promise of the Human Genome Project for new advances in medicine. The Broad Institute gathered scientists, physicians, and engineers who work together in molecular biology, genomics, chemistry, engineering, computational science, and medicine. In its first two years, they are already providing new insights into diseases and their cures. This is a model for what institutional collaborations can achieve. Culture of creativity Basic research has its virtues. It cultivates a culture of creativity and boldness. It is a culture where commitment, discipline, perseverance, and intellectual maturity prevail. In this environment, short-term gains are given up for long-term benefits as discoveries rarely happen instantaneously; openness and exchanges are crucial as collaboration is imperative; and critical thinking is indispensable as it pursues the answers to the truly significant questions -- why, what, how, and when. But basic research is seen as a luxury, especially in the face of pressing problems. Dr Arthur Kornberg, Nobel Prize winner for Medicine and Physiology, wrote, “Investigations that had no practical objective, have yielded most of the major discoveries of medicine – X-rays and penicillin, genetic engineering and recombinant DNA.” Such scientific advances show what cutting-edge research can do. I believe we can create new knowledge that would lead to further advances. In the world of basic research, the possibilities are limitless. |